| source Universitetet i Oslo (365) |
level Advanced course at master's level (X) |
department |
Poverty is an intrinsic component of the daily struggles for survival of the more than one billion people in the developing world. Poverty is rising rapidly in Europe and Central Asia, and continuing to rise in Latin America and Sub-Saharan Africa. In Asia, where most of the world’s poor live, the proportion in poverty has declined over the past two decades although the Asian crisis slowed down overall progress. In general, the world appears to be divided into clusters of countries, the worst of which seem to be caught in a ‘poverty trap’. The course will address to what extent the continued existence of poverty can be attributed to national and international policies. In this context, certain key questions will be addressed: What are the causes of extreme poverty and famine and the role of politics in combating such deprivation? Why have conventional approaches to development not had greater impact on poverty reduction? Will a human rights-based approach to poverty reduction result in greater urgency and effectiveness in tackling the problem? What has been the role of bilateral and multilateral agencies in poverty reduction and are certain (democratic) regimes better equipped to eradicate poverty than others?
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The group of countries often termed “developing countries” is today more diverse than ever. While many countries host highly developed sectors and areas of affluence, there are still alarming problems of poverty, inequality, insecurity and deprivation of basic rights. Many of these developments are linked to global processes. But in addition, contextually grounded politics plays a decisive role in the explanation of failure to address these problems and to take advantage of opportunities to resolve them. This course reviews and critically discusses outstanding contributions that are aimed at grasping the specific features of politics in developing countries, and the challenges and opportunities for political solutions to the pressing problems. The contributions include theoretical and comparative analyses of the special role of politics in post-colonial governance, state-building and initial democratisation, state-society relations, state capacity, cleavages and social- and political organising, the new wave of democracy and its crises, and international support for peace and democracy.
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Politics and economics are empirically interrelated fields, and should therefore in many instances also be analyzed as such. This course provides the student with analyses on how national political institutions and processes influence the economy as well as on how the economy affects national politics. The course gives an overview of the different theoretical and methodological approaches in the field, drawing mainly on literature from political science, but also from economics and economic history. The course also presents the students to both “quantitative” and “qualitative” empirical research on the different topics.
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This course addresses a major missing link in the process of more meaningful democratisation, namely how ordinary people can be integrated in organised politics rather than politically excluded or merely incorporated by the elite through clientelist networks. The point of departure for the course is the general problem in post-colonial contexts of weak state capacity, poor civic rights, elitist democratic government and abusive governance. The course focuses on theories and empirical studies of the actual relations between people and politics as well as on grounded arguments about the possible promotion of democratic integration. These linkages between groups of people and institutions for the governance of public affairs may be through direct participation or various forms of mediation. A key issue in both cases is that of representation. A framework will be presented for the analysis of this complex of problems, emphasising the constitution of demos and basic cleavages, different forms of political representation, key institutions for governance of public affairs and the political capacities and strategies of different actors. This framework informs subsequent analyses of attempts by elites at crafting democracy, transitions to liberal peace and participation in civil society, as well as attempts by organised labour, social movements and political parties to foster inclusive linkages between politics and society.
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Scandinavian democracy is much talked about around the world. Some warn against, for instance, the strong state, the many regulations, the social engineering of people’s lives and the occasionally close co-operation between state and civil society. Others say that the combination of solid human rights and democracy, on the one hand, and impressive economic development, strong welfare states, parties with roots in fundamental cleavages, strong popular movements and much more, on the other hand, constitutes a model to learn from. As of recent there are also exciting self critical research about Scandinavian power relations and the state of democracy.
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Increasingly, public policy results from decision processes that span several levels of governance systems. The course will highlight the relationship between the EU level and the national level regarding the formulation and implementation of policies. The role of institutions will be particularly emphasised in this respect, and analysed from various theoretical perspectives.
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In this course we further develop important themes in the interface between development and environment. We explore important theories and dominating political praxis behind development, and how these mesh with the challenges of sustainable development. Attention will be given to the relationship between North and South and to the political and commercial sides of development. The role of international development organisations, national governments, non-governmental organisations and multi-national corporations will be explored.
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This will be a core unit, addressed by several staff with experience in tackling multi- and interdisciplinary research methodologies. Interdisciplinary research plays a critical role in virtually every field of study in the sciences, arts and humanities. The aim of this course is to explore the ways in which interdisciplinary studies are defined, how they formulate particular research problems, and what kinds of research tools and methods are applicable. The course surveys such diverse fields as political science, sociology, geography, anthropology, literature, history, economics, landscape studies, architecture and the natural sciences in order to present the palette of tools available to the student. The course also introduces students to a variety of writing strategies (exposition, argumentation, description, polemic, etc.).
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This course builds on SUM 4011A Research Methods (I) and focuses on the use of multi- and interdisciplinary research methodologies. With a focus on concrete projects and available methodologies and research techniques, the aim is to prepare students for handling their own projects. Central issues are
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Despite the prominent place of Old Testament theology in higher theological education throughout Christianity, there is presently no consensus on how an Old Testament theology is best written. The aim of this course is to present and discuss various concepts of Old Testament theology – classical as well as post-classical ones. Also we shall study how different concepts of the discipline contributes to highlighting different kinds of theologically relevant materials in biblical Hebrew literature.
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Upon completion of this course, the participant would:
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In today’s knowledge societies experts hold a key position. By definition experts are based in science but are also connected to policy and politics, by giving advice on what to do and how to behave. Experts are in the middle of things – being mediators between science and politics and between nature and culture – and try to convince others and find allies on how the state of the world actually is. The role of being an expert is innovative and complicated and sometimes implies to be part of controversies. To understand the role of experts and controversies between experts is important for understanding today’s society.
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Students should be familiar with recent developments within theory in innovation studies. They should be able to discuss how the theories can be used in analysis of contemporary policy and economic issue; like dynamics of modern knowledge based economies, the role of universities, and transition towards new climate technologies.
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The sector of research and higher education is going through a period of transformation both at the local, national and global level. New roles emerge for policy making institutions, both relating to higher education and to science-, research-, technology and innovation. The transformation will influence a number of organizations that have been established to perform knowledge development and/or use the knowledge in various social, political and economic processes: universities, industrial laboratories, research institutes, ministries, professional associations and international organizations etc.
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This course is a mandatory course in research design for students working on a thesis in master's degree programmes at TIK. The course is designed to assist students in developing their research proposals.
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