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Lund University - Economic History: Emerging Asia - Economic Transformation in East and South East Asia

The course explores and explains the historical processes of rapid industrialisation and socio-economic modernisation in Pacific Asia. First, fundamental factors and forces behind the rise of Asia s first industrial nation, Japan, are analysed. Japan is also contrasted against the early failures of modernisation in Imperial China. Secondly, explanations are provided for the emergence of Taiwan, South Korea, Singapore and Hong Kong as Newly Industrialised Countries after 1960. Thirdly, the more recent industrial development in the ASEAN countries is studied, with particular reference to current trends and forces of globalisation in the region. Themes such as agricultural modernisation, rural industrialisation, expansion of trade, impact of foreign investments and patterns of regional integration are explored and evaluated. Concepts such as developmental state, export-led growth, and growth with equity are employed and critically analysed.
Score: 8.211661 Details | Listing | Web page

Lund University - Economic History: Europe in the World Economy

The course traces the economic development since the times of Henry the Navigator and Columbus up to the present. Economic development is understood in broad terms and comprises several aspects. Important are institutional changes, during the Early Modern period considering, for example, property rights, and during the more recent past, the Single Market and Enlargement of the EU. Other aspects consider population changes, the economic role of the scientific revolution and knowledge, the early growth of the financial system as well as the current monetary union with the euro. Naturally, among the aspects are also patterns of international trade, from the East India companies to out-sourcing and globalisation of today. The course has two parts, which also can be taken as independent courses (7.5 credits each): EKHE03 The Break with the Old Order, and EKHE01 European Integration.
Score: 8.211661 Details | Listing | Web page

Lund University - Economic History: European Integration

The course deals with the economic history of the early modern Europe (1450-1800). This was a period of considerable economic and demographic growth, along with institutional development of property rights, trade, and financial systems. After a considerable expansion during the 16th century stagnation and even decline followed. Why could growth not be sustained in the long run? This was not, however, a matter of a lost era because in this period of stagnation crucial preconditions for industrialisation were created. The last two centuries of European economic development will be discussed in the course EKHE01 European Integration
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Lund University - Economic History: Evolutionary Economics

Questions on what shapes economic behaviour and causes economic change are fundamental in Economics. Still they are seldom addressed in neo-classical Economics, where human behaviour is axiomatic and where the economy is typically studied in equilibrium. In Evolutionary Economics (EE), on the other hand, these neo-classical assumptions are not accepted. In EE the challenge is instead to explain and understand the dynamics of socio-economic change. To grasp the driving forces of economic processes is the main objective and the role of institutions, technology, innovations and entrepreneurs are typically put at centre stage. Evolutionary Economics is however not a unified theoretical body, but rather composed by several strands of thought. The key themes and contributions will be introduced and critically examined during the course.
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Lund University - Economic History: Swedish Economic Development

The aim of the course is to analyse Sweden's transformation into an industrial society, structural changes in Swedish economic development and the economic structure of modern Sweden. The course discusses Swedish economic development in a long-term perspective. It starts with an overview of the agrarian past of Sweden, its peculiarities and its similarities with other regions in Europe. The process of Swedish industrialisation is studied in the general context of economic changes in the nineteenth-century Europe.
Score: 8.211661 Details | Listing | Web page

Lund University - Economic History: The Break with the Old Order

The course deals with the economic history of the early modern Europe (1450-1800). This was a period of considerable economic and demographic growth, along with institutional development of property rights, trade, and financial systems. After a considerable expansion during the 16th century stagnation and even decline followed. Why could growth not be sustained in the long run? This was not, however, a matter of a lost era because in this period of stagnation crucial preconditions for industrialisation were created. The last two centuries of European economic development will be discussed in the course EKHE01 European Integration
Score: 8.211661 Details | Listing | Web page

Lund University - Economic History: The Global Economy

The course is made up of three sub-courses relating to different themes. In the first sub-course you are introduced to the subject of Economic History. The main issues are the agricultural transformation, international market integration, and international movement of labour, goods, and capital. In the second sub-course you will explore the long-term trends in income distribution within and between countries, taking account of conditions such as population density, land distribution, institutions, etc. In the final sub-course you will investigate the emergence and development of the international monetary and financial system, from the metal currency standards of the 19th century to the contemporary, heterogeneous system.
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Lund University - Economic History: The Rising Giants - China and India Entering the Global Scene

This course gives you a much improved first hand understanding of the rise of Asia s two giants - China and India. First, modernisation and industrialisation in socialist China is explored from the pre-communist era until today. The process of transition from plan to market economy is unravelled. The institutional set-up and socio-economic achievements of the emerging market economy are contrasted with, but also causally linked to, those of the socialist planned economy. Secondly, the Indian economy from colonial times to present day is studied. Particular consideration is given to Independent India, contrasting and linking the miracle economy of the 1990s and the new millennium with the preceding forty years, scrutinising the economic policy of past and present in terms of economic achievements. Focusing on China and India will allow for comparisons of Asian development experiences where processes of economic growth and structural changes are analysed from the point of view of equity between individuals, groups, class and gender together with the challenges of achieving environmentally sustainable development.
Score: 8.211661 Details | Listing | Web page

Lund University - Economic History: The Swedish Economy

The course provides the student with an orientation about theories and methods in economic history, with a focus on the development of the Swedish economy from early modern times to the present. Module 1. Nation-state formation and agrarian transformation: With the point of departure in the formation of the Swedish nation state, institutional foundations of modern economic growth are presented. The relationship between agricultural transformation and the process of industrialization is analyzed, as well as the role of domestic and international markets. Module 2. The industrial breakthrough: The development of the industrial society is discussed in the light of long-term patterns of structural transformation and against the background of international economic integration and desintegration. Particular emphasis is on the transformation of the Swedish manufacturing industry around 1900, with new development blocks based in innovations. Module 3. The rise of the welfare state and the growth of services: Post-war economic growth, the expansion of the welfare state and the formation of the Swedish model are investigated. The structural crisis of the 1970s and the following transformation of the Swedish economy are studied with an international comparison.
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Lund University - Economic History: Causes of Demographic Change

The course gives an introduction to demographic data, measurement and description of demographic phenomena. The course consists of two parts: - Demographic methods. Basic demographic measures and concepts are discussed, such as rates, the lexis diagram, life tables, fertility, nuptiality, mortality and migration measures. - Theories and evidence on global demographic change in an historical perspective. The long term demographic development in the world is discussed and related to different theoretical explanations.
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Lund University - Economic History: China and the Asia Pacific Economy

This course explores and explains the processes of rapid industrialisation and socio-economic modernisation in China and the Asia Pacific drawing on a historically -comparative institutional approach. Fundamental factors and forces behind the economic transformation are analysed against the background of leading theories of economic development and social change. The course is divided into two parts. The first part uses institutional theory to analyse the emergence of the so called East Asian model and its relevance for China. The institutional underpinnings of China s transformation to market economy are analysed in comparison with previous and contemporary development experiences in the Asia Pacific, from Japan to the ASEAN countries. Themes dealt with include agricultural modernisation and industrial policy and concepts such as developmental state, export-led growth, and growth with equity are applied and critically analysed. The second part deals with current trends and forces of globalisation in the Asia Pacific region and China s role as a leading regional economy. Trade policies, the impact of foreign investments and patterns of regional integration are explored and analysed.
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Lund University - Economic History: Comparative Analysis of Economic Change

This course introduces how major themes in economic history have been approached in research. Explorative methodologies versus hypothesis testing are discussed. Students will learn about the use and limitations of different methods through an examination of studies in the literature as well as through exercises. The problem of comparisons over longer historical periods and between countries is studied. Students will learn about the index number problem and various quantitative measures. Exercises are performed with the help of econometric software whereby students are trained in the use of quantitative tools such as descriptive statistics, correlation and regression analysis.
Score: 8.211661 Details | Listing | Web page

Lund University - Economic History: Consequenses of Demographic Change

The course examines the impact of demographic change on the social and economic fabric of society, with a focus on issues of importance to today's policymakers. The impact of population aging will be examined in detail, as will the possible benefits / pitfalls of migration as a potential solution to population aging. The course will also examine the impacts of demographic change on individuals, through a discussion of the effects of cohort size on economic outcomes. The changing prospects for women in today's economy will also be analyzed within the framework of changing family structures. Governmental transfers dependent upon age structure, such as pension systems, will be studied, as will other aspects of intergenerational transfers.
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Lund University - Economic History: Econometrics and Time Series Analysis

The course consists of two parts. The first part consists of theory and methods in econometrics and time series analysis. It also considers how to apply these methods, with examples of how such methods are used in economic demography and economic history. This part also introduces computer software (e g STATA, EViews) for quantitative analysis. In the second part of the course, students analyse a quantitative problem using actual data from economic demography or economic history, and report results in individual papers.
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Lund University - Economic History: Economic Growth over Time and Space

Innovation and technical change is central to long term economic growth but it is treated very differently in economic theories. In a comparative manner this course presents technical change within major theoretical approaches: neoclassical growth models, endogenous growth models and evolutionary structural models. Particular attention is given to an economic historical model combined with a spatial theoretical framework of regional trajectories of growth. The model is based upon complementarities around innovations forming development blocks that are driving processes of structural change. Thus, the interplay between innovations, economic transformation and economic growth is studied with an emphasis on major carrier branches both historically and in contemporary times. Innovations are analysed in relation to variations over time in, e.g., relative prices, entrepreneurial activity, investments, labour demand and employment. It is shown how this, at an aggregate level, shows up in phases of spatial convergence and divergence, respectively.
Score: 8.211661 Details | Listing | Web page

Lund University - Economic History: Economics of Innovation

This course covers several areas of innovation economics, such as their characteristics, their driving forces of innovation and how innovation affects economic growth. It covers several sub-themes, such as: Market structures and innovation - describes how competitive structures and imperfect competition may induce innovation in different industries. Institutions and innovation - drawing on the systems of innovation literature, this theme addresses how the institutional framework affects innovation. Some of these aspects are related to national innovation systems (NIS), a concept for comparative analysis of innovative performance. Innovation processes and interdependencies within a more local or regional context are further analysed focusing on regional innovation systems (RIS). In addition to governing structures we address the role of different instruments such as standards, prizes and intellectual property rights such as patents for promoting innovation. Diffusion - implications of why innovation spreads and how it spreads into the economic environment form different perspectives. Concepts discussed include adoption, imitation and spillovers. We consider the relatively new field of network economics as well. The role of innovation in economic growth - examines the role of innovation in economic growth through processes related to radical innovations, general purpose technologies, competence blocks and development blocks.
Score: 8.211661 Details | Listing | Web page

Lund University - Economic History: Innovation, Energy and Sustainability

Climate change has, more than anything else, imposed innovative challenges for present human energy systems. This course begins with an overview of global energy systems based on oil, carbon, nuclear and hydro power as well as supplementary systems. Three areas are given particular emphasis: firstly, energy end use efficiency, its historical development and future prospects; secondly, renewable energy and the ongoing change at its technological frontier; thirdly, transports, their different systems, use of energy and impact on the environment as well as ongoing technological change. Both positive and normative aspects of the interplay between economic growth and energy are treated. Among the first aspects is the so called decoupling of energy and GDP, for example whether the third industrial revolution implies a reduction of energy use. Normative aspects consider institutional and political factors which determine incentives for innovation.
Score: 8.211661 Details | Listing | Web page

Lund University - Economic History: Institutions, Economic Growth and Equity

Historical evidence suggests that the quality and efficiency of a country s institutions, such as law enforcement, property rights, and civil rights, are significant determinants of its growth performance. Furthermore, the extent of inequality in a society is highly related to both the quality of institutions and economic growth. This course is focused on the relations between institutions, modern economic growth, and equality. Problems in the world of today are taken as a point of departure for an historical analysis that covers countries and regions in different parts of the world. The course builds on the four themes. The first theme deals with the emergence of institutions such as property rights and markets, and their role for economic growth. The second theme concerns the importance of the distribution of resources for institutional development and economic growth. The third theme is about the interrelationship between institutions, knowledge and equality of opportunity. The fourth theme deals with the emergence of the modern welfare state as an institutional response to inequality.
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Lund University - Economic History: Microdata Analysis

The course gives an introduction to the analysis of micro level data, i.e. data on the individual level being either cross-sectional data, longitudinal data (panel data), or survival or event history data. On successful completion of this course, students will be able, at threshold level, to understand a range of methods and techniques for analyzing data on a micro level, be able to apply them in appropriate circumstances, be able to assess the adequacy of the assumptions of the chosen model, be able to use appropriate software and interpret the output to assist in the solving of econometric problems at the micro level.
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Lund University - Economic History: Population and Living Standards

The first part of the course is an overview of the population debate over the past 50 years and its intellectual roots. This part includes theories explaining both the influence of population growth on economic, social, and environmental development and vice-versa. Examples are given, showing how the theories have been used to explain the historical development of population and living standards since the Middle Ages up to modern times. The concept of living standard is extended also to include how short-term economic changes influence population behaviour. Divergence in living standards between different socio-economic groups and institutional arrangements for transfers are studied. The second part introduces ways to model the complex interrelationship between population and living standards which are appropriate for empirical testing. The students then make use of their knowledge in theory and econometrics to analyze data for a specific country or region using information available at various data bases.
Score: 8.211661 Details | Listing | Web page

Lund University - Economic History: Small Business Economics, Regional Development and Entrepreneurship

The individual entrepreneur and small-scale business firm often have a particularly dynamic role for innovation with effects for employment and regional development as well. This issue is studied through four aspects: First, firms size and innovation - theoretical arguments and empirical evidence are scrutinized. Second, the role of small businesses for employment is examined. Third, the relationship between the creation of new firms and the development of existing small firms is discussed in relation to regional development and growth as well as the role of academic R&D and the interaction between small and large firms on the regional level. Fourth, with consideration of the segmentation of financial instruments and markets, the possibilities for new and small firms to acquire capital are studied.
Score: 8.211661 Details | Listing | Web page

Lund University - Economic History: The Global Economy and Long-term Economic Growth

This course studies historical processes of growth, convergence and divergence in the global economy over the past two centuries. Two major approaches are applied. One takes its point of departure in theories of economic growth, basically on the role of capital and labour and the level of technology. The first generation of formal models, in the 1950s, predicted a convergence in income levels in the world. Recent generations of growth models allows however for income divergence among countries. The other approach takes its point of departure in theories about the international economy. Determinants as well as effects of international trade, migration, and movements of capital are studied. The impact of open economy forces on factor prices, that is, on the earnings of labour and the cost of capital, and its relation to growth is analyzed. With the application of these two approaches the course studies historical processes of growth, convergence and divergence in the global economy.
Score: 8.211661 Details | Listing | Web page

Lund University - Introduction to Environmental Strategy

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Lund University - Sustainable Transportation and Energy Strategies

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Lund University - Ethnology: Swedish Society and Everyday Life

The course provides an introduction to Swedish culture and daily life. It is based on field work in which an analysis is made of material collected through the practice of observation techniques. One of the themes studied is the articulation of modernity in Swedish daily life.
Score: 8.211661 Details | Listing | Web page

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