20.450 Molecular and Cellular Pathophysiology ( ) Prereq: 20.420 and 20.440 , or permission of instructor Units: 4-0-8 Lecture: TR1-2.30 ( 56-614 ) Fundamentals of tissue and organ response to injury are examined from a molecular and cellular perspective. Special emphasis on disease states that bridge infection, inflammation, immunity, and cancer. Systems approach to pathophysiology includes lectures, critical evaluation of recent scientific papers, and student projects and presentations. D. B. Schauer, J. Niles
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20.451J Design of Medical Devices and Implants ( ) (Same subject as 2.782J , 3.961J , HST.524J ) Prereq: 2.79J or permission of instructor Units: 3-0-9 Solution of clinical problems by use of implants and other medical devices. Systematic use of cell-matrix control volumes. The role of stress analysis in the design process. Anatomic fit: shape and size of implants. Selection of biomaterials. Instrumentation for surgical implantation procedures. Preclinical testing for safety and efficacy: risk/benefit ratio assessment. Evaluation of clinical performance: design of clinical trials. Project materials drawn from orthopedic devices, soft tissue implants, artificial organs, and dental implants. I. V. Yannas, M. Spector
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20.452J Principles of Neuroengineering ( ) (Same subject as 9.422J , MAS.881J ) Prereq: 8.03 , 6.003 , and 9.01 ; or permission of instructor Units: 3-0-9 URL: http://neuro.media.mit.edu/classes/prinneuro/ Lecture: TR3 ( E15-135 ) Covers principles underlying current and future technologies for brain analysis and engineering, for neurology, psychiatry, and neuroscience. Focuses on using biophysical, biochemical, and anatomical models to understand technology design constraints governing ability to observe and alter brain function. Topics include functional magnetic resonance imaging, electromagnetic recording/stimulation, neuropharmacology, optical cellular imaging, and gene/stem-cell therapy. Design projects by student teams. Enrollment limited to 28. E. S. Boyden, III
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20.453J Biomedical Information Technology ( ) (Same subject as 2.771J , HST.958J ) Prereq: Permission of Instructor Units: 3-0-9 Lecture: TR8-9.30 ( 8-404 ) Design of contemporary information systems for biological and medical data. Examples from biology and medicine illustrate complete life cycle information systems, beginning with data acquisition, following to data storage and, finally, to retrieval and analysis. Design of appropriate databases, client-server strategies, data interchange protocols, and computational modeling architectures. Demonstrates the use of ontologies and the semantic. Students are expected to have some familiarity with scientific application software and a basic understanding of at least one contemporary programming language (e.g. C, C++, Java, Lisp, Perl, Python). A major term project is required of all students. This subject is part of the Singapore-MIT Alliance and presented as a video simulcast with lectures originating in both locations. Open to motivated seniors with a strong interest in biomedical engineering and information system design, and the ability to carry out a significant independent project. C. F. Dewey, Jr., S. Bhowmik (NTU, Singapore)
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20.454J Neurotechnology Ventures ( ) (Same subject as 9.455J , 15.128J , MAS.883J ) Prereq: Permission of Instructor Units: 2-0-7 URL: http://neuro.media.mit.edu/classes/neuroven/ Lecture: T EVE (8-10 PM) ( 46-3189 ) Special seminar focusing on the challenges of envisioning, planning, and building startups that are commercializing innovations from neuroscience and the blossoming domain of neuroengineering. Topics include neuroimaging and diagnostics, psychophysiology, rehab feedback, affective computing, neurotherapeutics, surgical tools, neuropharmaceuticals, deep brain stimulation, prosthetics and neurobionics, artificial senses, nerve regeneration, and more. Each class is devoted to a specific topic area. The first hour covers the topic in survey form. The second hour is dedicated to a live case study of a specific organization. A broad spectrum of issues, from the deeply technical through market opportunity, is explored in each class. This course is taught live between the University of Hong Kong and MIT. E. S. Boyden, R. Ellis-Behnke, J. Bonsen
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20.462J Molecular Principles of Biomaterials ( ) (Same subject as 3.962J ) (Subject meets with 3.051J , 20.340J ) Prereq: Permission of instructor Units: 3-0-9 Analysis and design at a molecular scale of materials used in contact with biological systems, including biotechnology and biomedical engineering. Topics include molecular interactions between bio- and synthetic molecules and surfaces; design, synthesis, and processing approaches for materials that control cell functions; and application of state-of-the-art materials science to problems in tissue engineering, drug delivery, biosensors, and cell-guiding surfaces. Staff
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20.470J Cellular Biophysics ( ) (Same subject as 2.794J , 6.521J , HST.541J ) (Subject meets with 2.791J , 6.021J , 20.370J ) Prereq: Physics II (GIR) ; 18.03 ; 2.005 , 6.002 , 6.003 , 6.071 , 10.301 , 20.110 , or permission of instructor Units: 5-2-5 Lecture: MWF10 ( 4-231 ) Lab: TBA Recitation: TR10 ( 36-713 ) or TR11 ( 36-713 ) +final Meets with undergraduate subject 6.021J. Requires the completion of more advanced home problems and/or an additional project. D. M. Freeman, J. Han
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20.471J Quantitative Physiology: Organ Transport Systems ( ) (Same subject as 2.796J , 6.522J ) (Subject meets with 2.792J , 6.022J , 20.371J , HST.542J ) Prereq: 2.006 or 6.013 ; 6.021J Units: 4-2-6 Meets with undergraduate subject 6.022J. Requires the completion of more advanced home problems and/or an additional project. R. G. Mark, C. M. Stultz
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20.472J Neuroimaging Cells and Circuits ( ) (Same subject as 9.472J ) Prereq: Permission of instructor Units: 3-0-9 Offers an introduction to imaging methods at the forefront of modern neurobiology. Emphasis is placed on in vivo imaging in the context of neural systems research. Specific topics covered include classical optics, fluorescence and fluorescent dyes, multiphoton microscopy, reflectance-based imaging methods, functional and anatomical magnetic resonance imaging, and molecular neuroimaging. Both applications and underlying principles are discussed, and lectures are supplemented by demonstrations of imaging techniques in the laboratory. Enrollment limited to 15. A. Jasanoff, P. T. So
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20.482J Foundations of Algorithms and Computational Techniques in Systems Biology ( ) (Same subject as 6.581J ) Prereq: 6.021J , 6.034 , 6.046 , 6.336J , 7.91J , 18.417 , or permission of instructor Units: 3-0-9 Describes and illustrates computational approaches to solving problems in systems biology. A series of case studies demonstrates how an effective match between the statement of a biological problem and the selection of an appropriate algorithm or computational technique can lead to fundamental advances. Covers several discrete and numerical algorithms used in simulation, feature extraction and optimization for molecular, network, and systems models in biology. B. Tidor, J. K. White
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20.483J Noninvasive Imaging in Biology and Medicine ( ) (Same subject as 9.173J , 22.56J , HST.561J ) Prereq: 18.03 , 8.03 , or permission of instructor Units: 3-0-9 Background in the theory and application of noninvasive imaging methods in biology and medicine, with emphasis on neuroimaging. Focuses on the modalities most frequently used in scientific research (x-ray CT, PET/SPECT, MRI, and optical imaging), and includes discussion of molecular imaging approaches used in conjunction with these scanning methods. Lectures are supplemented by in-class discussions of problems in research and demonstrations of imaging systems. A. Jasanoff
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20.485 Tools for Assessing Biological Function ( ) Prereq: 5.43 , 5.07 or 7.05 , 5.47 or 5.52 Units: 3-0-9 Contemporary bioorganic chemistry and chemical biology, emphasizing the application of chemical approaches to interrogate biochemical function. Additionally, techniques for quantitative analysis of macromolecular or systems level characteristics such as protein expression, interaction and signaling will be highlighted. Biomarkers and drug effects are discussed combining the chemistry of small molecules and the biology of the cell to identify therapeutic applications in drug discovery. Meets with 5.55 for first half of term. B. Imperiali, F. White
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20.486J Case Studies and Strategies in Drug Discovery and Development ( ) (Same subject as 7.549J , 15.137J , HST.916J ) Prereq: Permission of instructor Units: 2-0-4 The stages in drug discovery and development begin with target identification and end with the submission of preclinical and clinical data to the regulatory authorities. Following identification of a lead compound, there is optimization of structures for pharmaceutical properties, bioavailability, and safety. Subject relies on actual cases presented by the scientist(s) involved in discovery and drug development. A major goal is to analyze the cases and determine how the discovery and development process might be influenced by new and future technologies. S. R. Tannenbaum, A. J. Sinskey, E. Berndt
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20.487J Optical Microscopy and Spectroscopy for Biology and Medicine ( ) (Same subject as 2.715J ) Prereq: Permission of instructor Units: 3-0-9 Lecture: MW8-10 ( 8-404 ) +final Introduces the theory and the design of optical microscopy and its applications in biology and medicine. The course starts from an overview of basic optical principles allowing an understanding of microscopic image formation and common contrast modalities such as dark field, phase, and DIC. Advanced microscopy imaging techniques such as total internal reflection, confocal, and multiphoton will also be discussed. Quantitative analysis of biochemical microenvironment using spectroscopic techniques based on fluorescence, second harmonic, Raman signals will be covered. We will also provide an overview of key image processing techniques for microscopic data. P. T. So, C. Sheppard
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20.490J Foundations of Computational and Systems Biology ( ) (Same subject as 7.91J ) (Subject meets with 7.36 , 20.390 ) Prereq: Biology (GIR) ; 7.05 or 5.07 ; 1.00 , 1.001 , or 6.00 ; or permission of instructor Units: 3-0-9 URL: http://web.mit.edu/7.91/ Introduction to computational and systems biology emphasizing fundamentals of nucleic acid, protein sequence, and structural analysis, as well as the analysis of complex biological systems. Principles and methods used for sequence alignment, motif finding, expression array analysis, structural modeling, structure design and prediction, and network analysis and modeling. Techniques include dynamic programming, Markov and hidden Markov models, Bayesian networks, clustering methods, and energy minimization approaches. Exposure to emerging research areas. Designed for graduate students and advanced undergraduates with strong backgrounds in either molecular biology or computer science. Some foundational material covering basic programming skills, probability and statistics is provided for students with less quantitative backgrounds. C. Burge, A. Keating, E. Fraenkel
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20.507J Biological Chemistry I ( ) (Same subject as 5.07J ) Prereq: 5.12 Units: 4-0-8 Lecture: MWF9 ( 4-163 ) Recitation: T10 ( 26-322 ) or T11 ( 26-310 , 26-322 ) or R10 ( 26-322 ) or R11 ( 26-322 , 26-310 ) or W12 ( 56-167 ) +final Chemical and physical properties of the cell and its building blocks. Structures of proteins and principles of catalysis. The chemistry of organic/inorganic cofactors required for chemical transformations within the cell. Basic principles of metabolism and regulation in pathways, including glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, fatty acid synthesis/degradation, pentose phosphate pathway, Krebs cycle and oxidative phosphorylation, DNA replication, and transcription and translation. J. Essigmann, J. Stubbe
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20.554J Frontiers in Chemical Biology (New) ( ) (Same subject as 5.54J , 7.540J ) Prereq: 5.13 , 5.07 , 7.06 , permission of instructor Units: 4-0-8 Lecture: MW10-12 ( 56-154 ) Introduction to current research at the interface of chemistry, biology, and bioengineering. Topics include imaging of biological processes, metabolic pathway engineering, protein engineering, mechanisms of DNA damage, RNA structure and function, macromolecular machines, protein misfolding and disease, metabolomics, and methods for analyzing signaling network dynamics. Lectures are interspersed with class discussions and student presentations based on current literature. B. Imperiali, S. O'Connor
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20.901 Special Topics in Toxicology and Environmental Health ( , ) Prereq: Permission of instructor Units arranged Program of study to be arranged by the student and a BE faculty member, leading to the writing of a substantive paper. Minimum of 12 units required. Staff
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20.902 Special Topics in Biological Engineering ( , , ) Prereq: Permission of instructor Units arranged TBA. Opportunity for individual or group study of biological engineering not otherwise included in the curriculum. To be arranged by the student and a faculty member. Students write a substantive paper. Minimum 12 units required. Staff
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20.903 Special Topics in Biological Engineering ( , , ) Prereq: Permission of instructor Units arranged [P/D/F] Opportunity for individual or group study of biological engineering not otherwise included in the curriculum. To be arranged by the student and a faculty member. Staff
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20.920 Practical Work Experience ( , , , ) Prereq: None Units: 0-1-0 [P/D/F] TBA. For Course 20 students participating in off-campus work experiences in biological engineering. Before registering for this subject, students must have an employment offer from a company or organization and must identify a BE supervisor. Upon completion of the work, student must submit a letter from the employer describing the work accomplished, along with a substantive final report from the student approved by the MIT supervisor. Subject to departmental approval. Consult departmental undergraduate office. Staff
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20.947 Special Topics in Biological Engineering ( , , ) Prereq: Permission of instructor Units arranged Opportunity for individual or group study of biological engineering not otherwise included in the curriculum. To be arranged by the student and a faculty member. Staff
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20.948 Special Topics in Biological Engineering ( , , ) Prereq: Permission of instructor Units arranged TBA. Opportunity for individual or group study of biological engineering not otherwise included in the curriculum. To be arranged by the student and a faculty member. Staff
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20.949 Special Topics in Biological Engineering ( , , ) Prereq: Permission of instructor Units arranged TBA. Opportunity for individual or group study of biological engineering not otherwise included in the curriculum. To be arranged by the student and a faculty member. Staff
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20.950 Research Problems in Biological Engineering ( , , ) Prereq: Permission of instructor Units arranged TBA. Directed research in the fields of bioengineering and environmental health. Open only to BE students. Staff
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